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Visually, the speed difference between Katherine and Damon doesn't seem to be that much.

There is in dee difference between the speed of younger vampires and older ones, If I remember well when that hunter from the brotherhood of the five first appeared he was captured by damon and klaus, he made a boom to explode, Damon barely made to speed his way out, while klaus was able not only to avoid the explosion too but to saved the hunter (who was chained). So this proofs originals and non originals olders vampires are faster.

What it seems to me is that all vampires have the same level of senses , I mean it seems like there are no differences between the hearing and smell of an old or original vampire and a younger one. I don't remember have seen on the TVD or TO showing an original hearing futher than any other vampire